40 Common Words and Phrases Shakespeare Invented (2023)

William Shakespeare (1564-1616) was not only a prolific writer, he is said to have introduced over one thousand words and phrases into the English language. While research suggests that Shakespeare might not have invented all those words and phrases, his works are likely the first time the terms were written down. This does not discount the fact that Shakespeare was a master of the English language. Explore several examples of phrases and words Shakespeare invented (mostly).

40 Common Words and Phrases Shakespeare Invented (1)

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Words That Shakespeare Invented

Here are some words we still commonly use that first appeared in Shakespeare's plays, along with the meaning and an example sentence:

  • admirable - something that deserves respect or admiration
    Being honest is an admirable quality.
  • auspicious - favorable; promising success; a good omen
    A wedding is an auspicious occasion.
  • baseless - without a foundation; not based on fact
    If you accuse someone of wrongdoing, make sure you have evidence and it is not a baseless accusation.
  • barefaced - shameless; without concealment or disguise
    When someone tells a barefaced lie, it is not a very good one, and you immediately know it is not true.
  • belongings - a person’s moveable possessions
    She packed her personal belongings in her bag to leave.
  • castigate - to punish harshly
    Sometimes celebrities and politicians are castigated in the press more harshly than ordinary citizens.
  • clangor - a loud (clanging) sound
    Ghosts are sometimes said to be followed by the loud clangor of chains.
  • dawn - the beginning appearance of light when the sun rises
    Many people like to sit and watch the coming of the new dawn.
  • dexterously - skillful, especially in the use of one's hands (or also one's mind)
    A good carpenter can dexterously build a bookshelf very easily.
  • dwindle - to get smaller; diminish; often used to describe money
    Many people's savings dwindle after losing a job.
  • hostile - an unfriendly person or demeanor
    A neighbor that fights with you over a tree might be considered hostile.
  • ill-used - to treat someone badly
    The man was ill-used at his work.
  • long-legged - to have long legs
    The long-legged girl had trouble sitting in the back seat.
  • lonely - to be alone
    The woman was lonely in the house without her beloved dog.
  • multitudinous - a lot; a great number
    You are in luck if you can say that you have a multitudinous amount of friends.
  • ode - a lyrical poem
    If a boy likes a girl, he might sing her an ode, especially in movies.
  • overblown - pretentious or outrageous
    Your teenager might have overblown dreams of success and glory.
  • sanctimonious - pretending to be very religious or righteous
    Sometimes people who judge others harshly are sanctimonious.
  • skim milk - milk where the fat is removed
    You might use skim milk with your cereal.
  • watchdog - a person or group that keeps a close watch to discover wrong or illegal activity
    The watchdog group PETA exposes wrongful actions against animals.

Phrases Shakespeare Invented

Shakespeare didn't just increase the number of new words in the dictionary, he also coined some colloquial phrases. Many of these famous quotes are sure to be familiar.

  • "All that glisters is not gold." (Merchant of Venice)
    We usually use this phrase after we discover that something that looks good turns out not to be that great, and substitute "glitters" for "glisters."
  • As good luck would have it” (The Merry Wives of Windsor)
    This means something happened to you that was pure chance or luck.
  • "Break the ice" (The Taming of the Shrew)
    Often when you meet someone for the first time, you "break the ice" by asking them polite questions about themselves.
  • "Clothes make the man." (Hamlet)
    Although not always true, this phrase implies that how a person dresses tells you something about who they are as a person.
  • Cold comfort” (King John)
    It’s a form of consolidation, but it is a bad consolidation since the whole situation is bad like dropping the inflation rate for millions of unemployed would be a “cold comfort.”
  • Come what come may” ("come what may") (Macbeth)
    Whatever is going to happen is going to happen. You are accepting that fact.
  • Devil incarnate” (Titus Andronicus)
    This describes someone that is evil and scheming like a reincarnation of the devil.
  • Eaten me out of house and home” (2 Henry IV)
    You might hear parents say this about teenagers a lot. They’ve eaten so much that all the food is gone.
  • "Fair play" (The Tempest)
    Follow the rules, especially in competitions or sports.
  • "A laughing stock" (The Merry Wives of Windsor)
    To be a laughing stock is to be considered a joke by many people.
  • "In a pickle" (The Tempest)
    To be "in a pickle" is to be in trouble or in a situation that you cannot easily get out of.
  • "It's Greek to me" (Julius Caesar)
    When you say, "it's Greek to me," you are admitting that you do not know or understand something.
  • Pound of flesh” (The Merchant of Venice)
    When this phrase is used it is talking about a cruel or unusual punishment.
  • Such stuff as dreams are made on” (The Tempest)
    Describes when something is so good that it is just like a dream.
  • "The lady doth protest too much" (Hamlet)
    If someone denies something more than once, you can say "the lady doth protest too much," meaning you think that they feel the opposite of what they are saying.
  • "Too much of a good thing" (As You Like It)
    It is said that "too much of a good thing" (i.e. money, love, food) is not necessarily good for you.
  • "Wear one's heart on one's sleeve" (Othello)
    To be a hopeless romantic (or be open and honest about how you feel) is to wear one's heart on one's sleeve.
  • Wild-goose chase” (Romeo and Juliet)
    When someone leads you on a wild chase to find them, it is commonly known as a wild-goose chase.
  • What's done is done” (Macbeth)
    It is done, and there is no going back. You must simply deal with the consequences.

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Additional Resources

If you want to learn more about Shakespeare, here are some great resources:

  • Folger Shakespeare Library is a comprehensive resource about Shakespeare's works and his life.
  • MIT has an online version of the complete works of Shakespeare
  • The Kennedy Center has a lesson plan that can be used to teach a class about Shakespearean words.
40 Common Words and Phrases Shakespeare Invented (2)

Shakespeare the Inventor

While Shakespeare might not have been the creator of all the different words he's credited with, he was the first one to write them down and made them stick in our everyday language.

(Video) Words and Phrases Coined by Shakespeare

You can learn even more about Shakespearean words by trying a Shakespeare translator. You can also peruse his biography. When it comes to Shakespeare, you can’t have “too much of a good thing.”

Jennifer Betts

Staff Writer

  • shakespeare
  • phrases
  • words

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FAQs

How many common phrases Did Shakespeare invent? ›

William Shakespeare (1564-1616) was not only a prolific writer, he is said to have introduced over one thousand words and phrases into the English language.

How many words did Shakespeare invent list? ›

He invented over 1700 of our common words by changing nouns into verbs, changing verbs into adjectives, connecting words never before used together, adding prefixes and suffixes, and devising words wholly original.

What are some common Shakespeare words? ›

Below, you'll find a handy list of some of the most common words used by Shakespeare translated into modern English.
  • ABHOR - To reject, disdain.
  • ABSOLUTE - Without flaw, perfect.
  • ADDICTION - Tendency, proneness.
  • BALK - To hesitate, chop; to dispute.
  • BRAVE - Handsome.
  • CHARACTER - Letter, word.
  • COIL - Distress, trouble.

What are 5 Shakespearean words that we still use today? ›

Here are some examples of just a few of his brilliant turns of phrase that you can use in your own English conversations and writing today.
  • In a pickle. This phrase means in a difficult position. ...
  • Green-eyed monster. This is a well-known phrase in English, meaning jealousy. ...
  • Love is blind. ...
  • Bedazzled. ...
  • Cold-blooded.

What three words Shakespeare invented? ›

He also is credited with novel uses of words — he used verbs as nouns and nouns as verbs in new ways. In addition to the words, there are also many phrases Shakespeare invented: “heart of gold,” “the beast with two backs,” and “the green-eyed monster.”

What is Shakespeare's most famous line? ›

"To be, or not to be: that is the question." Perhaps the most famous of Shakespearean lines, the anguished Hamlet ponders the purpose of life and suicide in this profound soliloquy.

Who invented the word elbow? ›

Elbow comes from Old English, where the word for the same body part was elnboga. It had two components – ell, meaning the length of the forearm, and boga, “bow” or “arch.” These in turn came from a Germanic word that ultimately meant “bend of the forearm,” and has similar forms in Dutch, German, and Old Norse.

What is the famous phrase that comes from Romeo and Juliet? ›

In Romeo and Juliet Shakespeare gave the world such memorable quotes as “a rose by any other name would smell as sweet“, “parting is such sweet sorrow”, “a plague on both your houses” and dozens more.

Who said my horse my horse? ›

It's a famous line, and it's also the last line that Richard III speaks. “A horse, a horse, my kingdom for a horse!” A titanic villain in Shakespeare's history plays, Richard III departs the stage and this life with these words, fighting to his death on foot after losing his horse in battle.

What words do we use today from Shakespeare? ›

Shakespearean words most used in today's world
  • Assassination. Yes, this very common word is an invention of Shakespeare that has found a big place in our vocabulary. ...
  • Baseless. ...
  • Bedazzled. ...
  • Castigate. ...
  • Cold-blooded. ...
  • Fashionable. ...
  • Multitudinous. ...
  • Swagger.

How do you talk like Shakespeare? ›

Tips For Talking Like Shakespeare. Instead of "you," say "thou." Instead of "y'all," say "thee." Thy, Thine and Ye are all good pronouns, too. Rhymed couplets are all the rage. Men are "sirrah," ladies are "mistress," and your friends are all called "cousin."

Did Shakespeare invent the word swag? ›

Shakespeare also used the word unfriended, centuries before Mark Zuckerberg. The word swagger, popular with rap musicians, was first used in Henry V and A Midsummer Night's Dream, though Shakespeare didn't invent the word swag.

Did Shakespeare say in pickles? ›

Etymology. The term refers to being in pickling solution, presumably unpleasant. It was first used in English by William Shakespeare in The Tempest (1611), although the phrase had been used in Dutch earlier.

What's in a word Shakespeare? ›

“A rose by any other name would smell as sweet,” says Juliet in Romeo and Juliet. Shakespeare, the master wordsmith, the artist who can persuade, influence and toy with our emotions through his use of words, could hardly have chosen a better way to illustrate the love-struck youngster's naivety.

What slang Did Shakespeare invent? ›

Words Shakespeare Invented
academeaccusedadvertising
obsceneobsequiouslyolympian
panderspedantpuking
rantremorselessscuffle
skim milksubmergeswagger
16 more rows

How do you say my in Old English? ›

From Middle English mi, my, apocopated form of min, myn, from Old English mīn (“my, mine”), from Proto-West Germanic *mīn, from Proto-Germanic *mīnaz (“my, mine”, pron.) (possessive of *ek (“I”)), from Proto-Indo-European *méynos (“my; mine”).

What name did Shakespeare invent? ›

Othello- Shakespeare “invented” the name Othello for the title character in one of his plays, but Otho was an existing Roman name in use long before Shakespeare's time.

What was the first word ever? ›

Also according to Wiki answers,the first word ever uttered was “Aa,” which meant “Hey!” This was said by an australopithecine in Ethiopia more than a million years ago.

Why did Shakespeare invent new words? ›

Primarily by adding prefixes and suffixes to known words; this way, audiences would be able to generally comprehend what he was getting at, since they would be inherently familiar with both the root words and their additions.

Who invented the word eyeball? ›

He also liked adding prefixes or suffixes to common words: “Eye” was also a word—but Shakespeare was the first to describe it as an “eyeball.” Still, there's no denying that Shakespeare helped shape the English language as we know it.

What are famous sayings? ›

Quotes by Famous People
  • The greatest glory in living lies not in never falling, but in rising every time we fall. - ...
  • The way to get started is to quit talking and begin doing. - ...
  • Your time is limited, so don't waste it living someone else's life. ...
  • If life were predictable it would cease to be life, and be without flavor. -
28 Jun 2021

What Shakespeare said about life? ›

"Life's but a walking shadow, A poor player that struts and frets his hour upon the stage, and then is heard no more: It is a tale told by an idiot, full of sound and fury, signifying nothing."

Who invented the word bump? ›

Words Shakespeare invented
academelustihood
bump (as a noun)to outfrown
buzzer (Shakespeare meant 'tattle-tale')to out-Herod
to caketo outscold
candle holderto outsell (Shakespeare meant 'to exceed in value')
210 more rows
29 Jul 2017

Did Shakespeare invent the word dawn? ›

The Old English word dagian eventually became day, so we can see how dawn isn't that far off. Dawn was originally used as a verb, but Shakespeare went ahead and turned in into a noun—like he loved to do.

Where did the word knee originate from? ›

Etymology. From Middle English kne, from Old English cnēow, from Proto-West Germanic *kneu, from Proto-Germanic *knewą (compare Low German Knee, Dutch knie, German Knie, Danish knæ, Norwegian kne, Swedish knä), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵnéw-o-m, a thematic derivative of *ǵónu.

What is Juliet's final line? ›

Here's to my love. O true apothecary, Thy drugs are quick. Thus with a kiss I die.

What is the famous phrase that comes from A Midsummer Night's Dream? ›

Love looks not with the eyes, but with the mind, And therefore is winged Cupid painted blind.

What was Romeo's last words? ›

But it became a huge hit for me once Google spotted it, because “Romeo's last words” comes up as a crossword puzzle clue quite frequently. Without further ado, Romeo's last words: Eyes, look your last! A dateless bargain to engrossing death!

Who Said Life's but a walking shadow? ›

William Shakespeare used his quote in Act V, Scene 5 of his tragedy, Macbeth. It is spoken by the title character after learning that the Queen, Lady Macbeth, is dead.

What's in a Name That which we call a rose? ›

“What's in a name? That which we call a rose/ By any other name would smell as sweet.” This is Juliet's line when she is telling Rome that a name is nothing but a name and it is hence a convention with no meaning behind it.

Who said men of few words are the best men? ›

Origin of A Man of Few Words

One of its first known uses was by William Shakespeare in his 1599 play King Henry V. He hath heard that men of few words are the best men.

What is Shakespeare's most famous line? ›

"To be, or not to be: that is the question." Perhaps the most famous of Shakespearean lines, the anguished Hamlet ponders the purpose of life and suicide in this profound soliloquy.

Did Shakespeare invent a language? ›

“The Complete Works of Shakespeare was frequently raided for early examples of word use, even though words or phrases might have been used earlier, by less famous or less literary people.” Shakespeare himself, according to McInnis, didn't really invent all the words and phrases which are attributed to him.

Did Shakespeare invent the word alligator? ›

That's right, folks. William Shakespeare invented the word “alligator.” Before Romeo and Juliet, these fearsome reptiles were referred to by their Spanish name, “aligartos.” Without old Will, we might have been cheering “Come on Gartos; get up and go!” every Saturday in the Swamp.

Did Shakespeare invent the word swagger? ›

Shakespeare also used the word unfriended, centuries before Mark Zuckerberg. The word swagger, popular with rap musicians, was first used in Henry V and A Midsummer Night's Dream, though Shakespeare didn't invent the word swag.

What are famous sayings? ›

Quotes by Famous People
  • The greatest glory in living lies not in never falling, but in rising every time we fall. - ...
  • The way to get started is to quit talking and begin doing. - ...
  • Your time is limited, so don't waste it living someone else's life. ...
  • If life were predictable it would cease to be life, and be without flavor. -
28 Jun 2021

What Shakespeare said about life? ›

"Life's but a walking shadow, A poor player that struts and frets his hour upon the stage, and then is heard no more: It is a tale told by an idiot, full of sound and fury, signifying nothing."

Did Shakespeare invent the word kissing? ›

Shakespeare is routinely credited with contributing “at least 1,700 words” to the English language, including words as seemingly common as bedroom, alligator, eyeball, lonely and kissing.

What name did Shakespeare invent? ›

Othello- Shakespeare “invented” the name Othello for the title character in one of his plays, but Otho was an existing Roman name in use long before Shakespeare's time.

How do you talk like Shakespeare? ›

Tips For Talking Like Shakespeare. Instead of "you," say "thou." Instead of "y'all," say "thee." Thy, Thine and Ye are all good pronouns, too. Rhymed couplets are all the rage. Men are "sirrah," ladies are "mistress," and your friends are all called "cousin."

Who invented the word assassin? ›

The earliest known use of the verb "to assassinate" in printed English was by Matthew Sutcliffe in A Briefe Replie to a Certaine Odious and Slanderous Libel, Lately Published by a Seditious Jesuite, a pamphlet printed in 1600, five years before it was used in Macbeth by William Shakespeare (1605).

Who invented the word eyeball? ›

He also liked adding prefixes or suffixes to common words: “Eye” was also a word—but Shakespeare was the first to describe it as an “eyeball.” Still, there's no denying that Shakespeare helped shape the English language as we know it.

Who invented the word elbow? ›

Elbow comes from Old English, where the word for the same body part was elnboga. It had two components – ell, meaning the length of the forearm, and boga, “bow” or “arch.” These in turn came from a Germanic word that ultimately meant “bend of the forearm,” and has similar forms in Dutch, German, and Old Norse.

Who invented the word no? ›

In English, the word no dates back to Middle English and means “not in any degree, not at all, not ever.” Though it's a short word with only two letters, it's actually formed from two elements, the first being the PIE (proto Indo European) root *ne- meaning “not,” and the second from the PIE root *aiw-, meaning “vital ...

Did Shakespeare invent the word fashionable? ›

Shakespeare can be credited for the invention of thousands of words that are now an everyday part of the English language (including, but not limited to, "eyeball," "fashionable," and "manager.")

What is swag short for? ›

By Leo Victor Last updated Sep 2, 2022. Share. Traditionally SWAG stands for Stuff We All Get, a.k.a. promotional products for marketing and giveaways, but swag (derived from swagger) also means cool, composed, and “with it.” Swag can be used as both a noun or a verb and continues to evolve in popular culture.

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